Geotechnical engineers play a critical role in identifying subsurface voids, which pose significant challenges to the stability and performance of structures. These hidden cavities can stem from various factors, such as geological formations, dissolution, or human actions. Utilizing a suite of investigative techniques, including geophysical survey

Subsurface voids pose significant concerns to geotechnical design. Accurately locating these voids is essential for ensuring the safety of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole examination, can be expensive and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground wave velocity analysis

Cavity characterization plays a crucial role in geotechnical design processes. A thorough understanding of cavity geometry and features is essential for precisely assessing the potential impact on structures . Geotechnical engineers utilize various techniques to characterize cavities, including geophysical surveys . website These methods yield val

Geophysical exploration employs a crucial role in the identification and assessment of potential mineral orebodies. By employing various physical methods, geologists can penetrate beneath the Earth's surface to detect subsurface structures and indicators indicative of mineral richness. These geophysical techniques often involve the recording of ph